The relevance of the research topic in the article is due to the dynamics of communication and interaction in the field of economic activity between Russian and American companies. The article identifies the key difficulties in translating economic terms – compound words found in specialized American journals from English into Russian and ways to overcome them. The research results have made it possible to reveal and identify the key types of compatibility and combinations characteristic to economic terms – compound words: analytical, idiomatic and stable.

The relevance of the problem under consideration is due to the widespread use of eponyms in all scientific terminological systems and nomenclatures, which a modern person meets in everyday life, and they are constantly updated with new definitions and neologisms. The aim of the article is to analyze the historical prerequisites for the eponymous terms emergence and use in professional language and scientific discourse. The leading approaches to the study of the problem of eponymy in professional terminology were the method of theoretical analysis of scientific data on medical terminology and the descriptive method. The applied logical approach implements the idea of the genesis of linguistic forms and eponymous units, the terminology of the medical professional language as a kind of reaction to existing contradictions in the course of processes. The result of the study is the proof of the need to use eponymous terms in the professional and everyday activities of a modern person. The authors give examples of their widespread use and show the possibility of using eponyms as a kind of professional tool necessary to eliminate possible contradictions and improve professional communication. They define the place of eponyms in medical terminology and justify the positive effect of their use.

This review observes measures undertaken by the Bank of Russia in comparison with the group of regulators of chosen countries in response of COVID-19 pandemic covering Monetary Policy, Financial stability and Supervision and Regulation implications. The review demonstrates that despite different types of economies, all central banks see their role in the economic stability support. Different ways of how they achieve their objectives did not change significantly measures that were undertaken jointly with governments. The commonalities of actions highlighted that quick and addressed measures taken by the financial regulators were decisive and successful.

The purpose of the paper is to review the activities of a prison chaplain in respect of guid-ance of prisoners in pre-revolutionary Russia. The research consists in careful analysis of the authority of prison chaplains established in their duty instructions and governed their activities in the course of teaching the fundamentals of religion to prisoners for their moral improvement. Examining materials of the XIX – early XX centuries, the author identifies methods of influencing and exhorting the prisoners based on their gender and age specif-ics. The results of the research make it possible to reconsider this experience in our times.

The author examines the personal characteristics of adolescents who are prone to self-isolation, which can manifest itself at different levels: individual, social, and deep psychological. The paper characterises kinds and types of social self-isolation. The work reveals that the studied group of adolescents is characterized by introversion, increased neuroticism, low self-esteem, average indicators of well-being, activity, mood, average level of loneliness and social isolation. The identified personal characteristics of adolescents who are prone to self-isolating behavior, compared with the data of various researchers, indicate that the lack of normal social contacts negatively affects the psychological development of adolescents. There is a fairly large percentage of deformations in all socially significant areas of relations of these students, which makes it possible with a high degree of probability to predict unfavorable variants of their development without targeted intervention at the level of psychological assistance and psychocorrection. On the basis of the study, the author formulates recommendations for taking into account the data obtained in the course of diagnosis, describes models of social and emotional regulation, motivation, and self-discovery.

In present circumstances of scientific and industrial development and the introduction of technology into all areas of human activity, issues relating to safety are of the utmost importance. The article reveals the history of the emergence of the safe working conditions concept in the world and the development of labour legislation in Russia. Principles for the functioning of occupational safety are defined. Philosophical aspects of technosphere safety are described.